Incidence and Management of delayed Complications after Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) Radiosurgery
Neurologic morbidity after AVM radiosurgery typically occurs in the first few years after the procedure relating to hemorrhage or radiation-induced changes (areas of increased signal on T2-weighted MRI). Conversely, late complications (cyst formation, chronic encapsulated expanding hematoma) have been noted many years after radiosurgery and may require surgical intervention. The incidence, predictive factors and management […]
Treating Challenging Arteriovenous Malformations: Why, When and How
